Gal Vihara

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Gal Vihara is situated in the ancient city of Polonnaruwa, which served as the second capital of Sri Lanka after Anuradhapura. The site is in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. The main attraction of Gal Vihara is a group of four Buddha statues carved out of a single granite rock face. The statues depict various poses of Lord Buddha, showcasing exceptional craftsmanship and artistry. The statues are notable for their intricate details, including the facial expressions, drapery, and the overall symmetry achieved by the ancient sculptors. Gal Vihara is believed to have been constructed during the reign of King Parakramabahu I (1153-1186 AD), a period known for significant cultural and architectural developments in Sri Lanka. The term "Vihara" refers to a Buddhist monastery, and Gal Vihara likely served as a place of meditation and worship for Buddhist monks. The Gal Vihara complex also includes other structures such as a cave with a seated Buddha statue, a small stupa, and a stone inscription. The site is surrounded by a peaceful wooded area. The largest statue is a standing Buddha, measuring approximately 7 meters (23 feet) in height. The Buddha is depicted in the Abhaya Mudra, a gesture of reassurance and protection. There are two seated Buddha statues, one in a deep meditation pose (Dhyana Mudra) and another in a more relaxed seated posture. The fourth statue is a reclining Buddha, representing the Buddha's parinirvana or final passing away. Gal Vihara is a testament to the artistic and architectural achievements of ancient Sri Lanka. The precision and skill with which the Buddha statues were carved into the rock face reflect the dedication to Buddhist art during the Polonnaruwa period. Visitors to Gal Vihara can marvel at the magnificent rock-cut Buddha statues and appreciate the historical and cultural significance of the site. The serene surroundings and the timeless beauty of the sculptures make Gal Vihara a must-visit destination for those exploring the ancient city of Polonnaruwa and its rich heritage